An online copy of the original may be found here.
À la Mode de France
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Adson's Saraband
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All in a Garden Green
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Aniseseed Water Robin | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Argeers
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Argeres | John Playford 1651 The Playford Ball 1994 Playford Ball | At Home Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ay Me
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Aye Me
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The Bath | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
The Beggar Boy | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | By Choice Bare Necessities | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||||||
Blew Cap | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Blew Cap for Me | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Blue Cap for Me | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
The Boatman
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Bobbin Jone | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Colin Hume 2013 | Colin Hume | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||||||
Bobbing Joe
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Broom, The Bonny, Bonny Broom
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Cast a Bell | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
Cheerily and Merrily
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The Cherping of the Lark | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Chestnut | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||||||
The Chirping of the Lark | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Chirping of the Nightingale - Playford | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2919 | Circle as many as will | |||||||||||||||||
Confesse, his Tune
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The Country Coll | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
The Court Lady
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Cuckles all a Row | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 George Williams 2022 | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | ||||||||||||||||
Cuckolds all a Row
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Cuckolds all Awry
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Daphne | John Playford 1651 Tom Cook Playford Assembly | 4 Couple Longways permutation: 2413 | ||||||||||||
Dargason | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | Custom | |||||||||||
Dissembling Love | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Don Pedro | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Dove's Figary | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||
Drive the Cold Winter Away
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Dull Sir John | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 | Square | ||||||||||||
Durham Stable | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | 3 Couple Longways |
Edinburgh Castle
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Fain I Would
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The Fine Companion | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | Square | ||||||||||||
The Friar and the Nun | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | Colin Hume | Duple Minor | |||||||||||
The Friar in the Well | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 Playford Ball | 6 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
The Fryar and the Nun | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | Colin Hume | Duple Minor |
Gathering Peascods | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | Colin Hume | Circle as many as will | |||||||||||
The Glory of the West
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Goddesses | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Assembly | 4 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Graies Inne Maske | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Fried de Metz Herman 1995 Playford Assembly | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
The Green Man ~ Playford | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Greenwood | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Grimstock
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The Gun | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor |
Half Hannikin Meets Lord of Carnarvan | John Playford 1651 Bob Lilley 2013 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
Half Panickin' | John Playford 1651 Bob Lilley 2013 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
Halfe Hannikin
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Harts Ease | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 Playford Ball | Strong Roots Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | ||||||||||||||||
Have at thy Coat, Old Woman | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
The Health
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An Health To Betty | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Charles Bolton 1985 | 4 Couple Longways permutation: 2413 | |||||||||||||||||
Heart's Ease | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 Playford Ball | Strong Roots Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | ||||||||||||||||
Heartsease | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 Playford Ball | Strong Roots Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | ||||||||||||||||
Hemp-Dresser | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1986 | 4 Couple Longways permutation: 2413 | |||||||||||||||||
Hey, Boys, up Go We (Sharp) | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | ||||||||||||||||
Hide Parke | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 Playford Ball | At Home Bare Necessities | Square | ||||||||||||||||
Hit and Misse
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Hit or Miss
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Hockley in the Hole | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | 4 Couple Longways permutation: 2341 | |||||||||||||||||
The Huntsman | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Hyde Park | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 Playford Ball | At Home Bare Necessities | Square |
If all the World were Paper
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The Irish Lady | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Irish Trot | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | Duple Minor |
Jack Pudding
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Jack-a-Lent | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Jenny Pluck Pears | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | 3 Couple Circle | |||||||||||
Jog On | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1916 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Jog On, My Honey | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1916 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Jogg On | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1916 | Duple Minor |
Kemp's Jigg | John Playford 1651 Douglas & Helen Kennedy (mod) 1929 | 3 Couple Circle | ||
Kettle Drum | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2919 | Old Friends MGM and Reunion | Square |
Labour in Vain
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Lady Lye near Me | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
Lady Spellor | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Lady Spillers | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Lavena | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
The London Gentlewoman | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1986 | 4 Couple Longways permutation: 2413 | |||||||||||||||||
The London Maid | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1986 | 4 Couple Longways permutation: 2413 | |||||||||||||||||
Lord of Carnarvon's Jigg
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The Lost Heart | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Lull Me Beyond Thee
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Mad Tom | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Fried de Metz Herman 1995 Playford Assembly | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Mage on a Cree
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The Maid Peept out at the Window | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 Playford Ball | 6 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||
Maiden Fair | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Pat Shaw 1962 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
Maiden Lane | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1912 Playford Assembly | Colin Hume | 3 Couple Longways permutation: 231 | ||||||||||||||||
Mayden Fayre | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Pat Shaw 1962 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
The Merry Andrew
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The Merry Frolic ~ Pat Shaw | John Playford 1651 Pat Shaw 1964 | Colin Hume | 4 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||||||
The Merry Wassail
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The Merry, Merry Milkmaids | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 Playford Ball | At Home Bare Necessities | 4 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||||||
The Milk-maid's Bob | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
The Milke-Mayds Bobb | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2021 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||
Mill-Field | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | Square | |||||||||||||||||
Millison's Jigg
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Mr. Webb's Fancy
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Mundesse | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | Old Friends MGM and Reunion | 3 Couple Circle | ||||||||||||||||
My Lady Cullen | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 | Colin Hume | Duple Minor |
New Bo-Peep
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The New Exchange | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
New New Nothing | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Newcastle
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Newcastle United | John Playford 1651 Michael Barraclough 2001 | Colin Hume | Square | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Night Piece | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways permutation: 231 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nonesuch
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An Old Man is a Bed Full of Bones | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 George Williams 2021 | 3 Couple Longways | ||
The Old Man with a Bed Full of Bones | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 George Williams 2021 | 3 Couple Longways | ||
An Old Man, a Bed Full of Bones | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 George Williams 2021 | 3 Couple Longways | ||
The Old Mole | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1912 Playford Ball | Colin Hume | 3 Couple Longways | |
Once I Lov'd a Maiden Faire | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Pat Shaw 1962 | Duple Minor | ||
The Oyle of Barley | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1989 | 3 Couple Longways |
Parson's Farewell
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Parthenia
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The Passionate Lovers | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Paul's Steeple | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Paul's Wharfe | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
Pepper's Black | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1922 | Circle as many as will | ||||||||||||
Petticoat Wag | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1989 | Fast Friends Bare Necessities | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||
Pickadilla
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Pickadilly
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Picking of Stickes | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 Playford Ball | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Picking Up Sticks | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp 1916 Playford Ball | 3 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Prince Rupert's March | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1916 | 4 Couple Longways | ||||||||||||
Punk's Delight | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | ||||||||||||
The Punk's Delight (The New Way) | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor |
Rose is White, and Rose is Red | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1922 | Circle as many as will permutation: 456123 | |||||||||||||||||
Roses White, and Roses Red | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Cecil Sharp (mod) 1922 | Circle as many as will permutation: 456123 | |||||||||||||||||
Row Well, Ye Mariners
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Rufty Tufty | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | By Choice Bare Necessities | Facing Couples |
Saint Martin's | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | Facing Couples | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
St. Paul's Steeple | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Saraband | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saturday Night and Sunday Morn | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scotch Cap
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Sedany | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 Playford Ball | A Playford Ball Bare Necessities | Custom | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Shaking of the Sheets | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways permutation: 231 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shepherd's Holiday
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Sir Nicholas Cully | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Skellamefago | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Slip | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A Soldier's Life | John Playford 1651 George Williams 2022 | Duple Minor | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spanish Gypsie
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The Spanish Jeepsie | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Bernard Bentley 1971 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Spanyard | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | 4 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Staines Morris | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 | Longways as many as will | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stanes Morris | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1911 | Longways as many as will | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Step Stately
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Stingo | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1989 | 3 Couple Longways | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Symphony
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The Taylor's Daughter | John Playford 1651 Charles Bolton 1989 | Fast Friends Bare Necessities | 4 Couple Longways | |
Tom a Bedlam | Lovelace Manuscript ~1649 Fried de Metz Herman 1995 Playford Assembly | 3 Couple Longways | ||
Tom Tinker | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor |
Up Tails All
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Up Tayles All
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Upon a Summer's Day
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The Valiant Captain | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | Duple Minor |
The Wedding Night | John Playford 1651 The Playford Ball 1994 Playford Ball | At Home Bare Necessities | Facing Couples | |
The Whirligig | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1916 Playford Assembly | 3 Couple Longways | ||
The Whish | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways | ||
The Wish | John Playford 1651 Cecil Sharp 1922 | 3 Couple Longways | ||
Woodycock | John Playford 1651 Scott Pfitzinger ~2019 | 3 Couple Longways |
Number of dances | Number of interpretations | Number with music |
---|---|---|
105 | 161 | 72 |
This list contains all dances in the book which I have animated (and which first appeared in this edition of the Dancing Master) for a complete list of dances in the book see here.
John Playford's The Engliſh Dancing Maſter of 1651 is the first published book in the English language presenting both the figures of dances and the tunes for dancing them. This is all the more surprising because it was published in the Parlementary War when theaters were closed and later Christmas was banned.
This is not to say that Playford invented these dances, some of them, for instance Sellenger's Round, Sedanny, and Stanes Morris are mentioned in Shakespeare's time (see The Lively Shape of Dancing: Dances of Shakespeare's time). Playford, or more likely some nameless dancing master (or two) simply recorded the dances that were current in his time.
It is clear from the complexity of some of the dances, and some of the figures that they were part of a long tradition and did not spring de novo from Playford's brow.
You should not expect to find here the correct way these dances were danced in Playford's time. To some extent that is something we cannot ever know. But also there was no single way of dancing even then. If you look at The Lovelace Manuscript — an annonymous, undated manuscript from a library at Harvard, which appears to have been written in the 1640s — you will find some of Playford's dances described differently. Sometimes the differences are minor, sometimes major. Clearly, even in 1651 there were different ways of dancing the same dance.
Not only was there no correct way of dancing these dances in 1651, but the language has changed since then, we don't even know what Playford is telling us to do. When Cecil Sharp reconstructed many of these dances in 1912 he found many terms which had fallen out of use. What does "Sides All" mean? Sharp came up with a figure, and later came up with a different figure. Is either correct? Who knows?
Or take the word "salute", Sharp interprets it as an honour (bow/courtesy) — which certainly fits the modern meaning of the word, but if you look at The Lovelace Manuscript it becomes clear that, at that time and in the context of dancing, "to salute" meant "to kiss"
Furthermore, Playford is not always a clear as he might be. My favorite example is from Row well ye mariners, Playford describes the dance as:
Lead up a D. forwards and back · That again : First man two slips cross the Room one way, the woman the other · Back again to your places : Fall back both · Meet again : Clap both your own hands, then clap each other's right-hands against one another's; clap both your own hands again, then clap left-hands, then clap both hands again, then clap your breasts, then meet both your hands against one-another · The same again, only clap left-hands first :
First man sides with the next wo. and his wo. with the next man, doing the like till you come to your own places, the rest following and doing the same.
The dance consists of two 16 bar parts. The first is well defined, but for the second we have only that people should "side" (whatever that is) with their neighbors and then (somehow) progress. Now siding is a move which takes 4 bars and leaves one where one started. It does not progress and it leaves 12 bars of music unaccounted for.
So Playford's dances must be reinterpreted, and different modern interpreters have different ideas. Many of the dances shown here have multiple modern interpretations. Probably none is exactly the dance Playford knew, but don't hold that against them, they are still fun to dance.
The dances here are rather different from the dances which evolved 100~150 years later in the Regency Period. There are very few triple minor dances in this list (perhaps only Step Stately and it's a very odd triple minor).
Most of these dances contain the three standard introductory figures: "Up a Double", "Siding", and "Arming" — or USA dances. This idiom of dancing is also found in the Lovelace Manuscript, but the last example I have animated dates to 1670. Many of the dances are not progressive. Regency dances were almost entirely longways, but Playford's dances run the gamut from longways to circles, squares to lines and to strange triangles. Even when Playford does use a standard duple minor longways format he usually has multiple different figures for the same tune, and the dance consisted of dancing each figure until everyone was back where s/he started before the next figure would begin. This idiom also died out, and the last example I have animated is Devonshire House from 1698.
The scans of all of Playford's dance descriptions can be found:
This website is copyright © 2021,2022,2023,2024 by George W. Williams V
My work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Most of the dances have more restrictive licensing, see my notes on copyright, the individual dance pages should mention when some rights are waived.