

None of the dances published by the RSCDS before book 13 were devised by the RSCDS, instead they were considered "traditional" dances. Many dances published in subsequent books fall into that category as well. I have tried to track down the sources of these dances and display here the earliest published versions of the dance's figure which I've been able to find.
In some cases the RSCDS mentions a source. Often I have found earlier examples of the dance. Sometimes I have been unable to find the RSCDS source and will present the earliest source I have found.
When I know the deviser, I mark the name in italics. In most cases for these old dances I only know the publisher.
When a dance source is marked with "†" it means I have been unable to verify the source of the dance, when it is marked with "‡" it means I have been unable to find any Scottish dance manual containing this dance (prior to 1924).
Hovering the mouse over a dance's devisor/publisher will (often) produce a popup containing the text of the original.By default the list below shows only traditional dances interpreted by the (R)SCDS. I believe that Book 34 (1986) was the last book to contain any traditional dances. Before Book 13 all (R)SCDS dances were traditional, but Book 13 contains The Reel of the 51st Division, the first published modern dance. No further modern dances were published until Book 22 (1963), and after that some books contained modern and some traditional dances until Books 31&34, which contains both.
At the end I have several tables of statistics.
Order by:
Include:
(R)SCDS Book Range:
Containing figure:
| Queen's Welcome | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, 1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book The RSCDS attributes this to Wallace, ~1880. The Library of Dance dates Wallace's work to ~1900. Perhaps there were multiple publications, or just uncertainty. In any event it appears earlier, in Kate Hughes's manuscript from Dundalk Ireland, 1867:
At this time the word "swing" was used for almost any circular movement, and could certainly have meant a right hands across/left hands back. In Wallace's Ball-Room Guide, Glasgow, ~1900, he writes:
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| Torryburn Lassies | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book The RSCDS says this was collected in Perthshire and was also found in Allan's Reference Guide to the Ballroom, ~1895, but it appeared elsewhere earlier. An early version of the dance appears in Kate Hughes's manuscript, the Dancing Book, Dundalk Ireland, 1867. She calls the dance "Torrayburn Lassies".
At this time "swing" meant almost any circular movement. The first swing could certainly match the "circle three" of the RSCDS, though presumably followed by a "and back to the right". The "swing four" could be a circle four, or a hands across, or who knows what. Wallace in his The Excelsior Manual of Dancing, ~1872, calls the dance simply "Torryburn"
But in Allan's Reference Guide to the Ball-Room, Glasgow, ~1895, the dance has become Torryburn Lassies.
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| Clutha ~ RSCDS | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book RSCDS Book 31 attributes this to Thomas Murphy's Aide Memoire, a manuscript from about 1890, but it is clearly derived from Clutha C.D. in Kate Hughes's Dancing Book, ~1867:
Hughes's dance is longways, but the figure is closely related. | |
| Polka Country Dance | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book RSCDS Book 31 says this comes from Allan's Reference Guide to the Ball-Room, ~1880, and it is in that work, but it appears earlier. In 1852 Seaton published Original Polka Country Dance which also begins with the top couple improper, and contains a lady's chain but there is little similarity beyond that. In ~1867 Kate Hughes's Dancing Book, Dundalk, 1867 there is an earlier version of the figure:
Allan's Reference Guide to the Ball-Room, Glasgow, ~1895, says.
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| The Merry Oddfellows | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, 1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book Kate Hughes writes:
While in ~1872 J. F. Wallace wrote in his The "Excelsior" Manual of Dancing:
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| Quadrille Country Dance | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book Kate Hughes writes:
J. F. Wallace in his The "Excelsior" Manual of Dancing, ~1872 writes:
Neither the RSCDS, nor any of the sources specify how L1+M2 cross to opposite sides. The most obvious is for them to cross up at the end of the lead up, but they could simply wheel around at the bottom. I suppose they could even cross over before leading down, but that seems even less likely. | |
| Queen Victoria | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book The RSCDS attributes this to D. Anderson's Ball-Room Guide, ~1880, and to Kate Hughes's Dancing Book, ~1867. Kate Hughes writes:
J. F. Wallace in his The "Excelsior" Manual of Dancing, ~1872 writes:
(I think when Wallace says "partner" at the end of 1) that he means "other partner" or what I'd call neighbor.) D. Anderson's Ball-Room and Solo Dance Guide, he writes:
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| La Russe | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, 1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book The RSCDS attributes this dance to Mozart Allan's Allan's Reference Guide to the Ball-Room, ~1880 with a note that it may also be found in Kate Hughes's Dancing Book.
J. F. Wallace also published it in about 1872 in his The "Excelsior" Manual of Dancing:
Note: Wallace is using the quadrille system for numbering couples. The second couple is the one directly across from the 1st. While Allan says:
This Figure is repeated other three times, 3 and 4 being done by alternate couples. Courtesy of National Library of Scotland, licensed under: | |
| Shoulder to Shoulder | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book Kate Hughes writes:
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| The Thistle | Kate Hughes, Dundalk, Ireland, ~1867 Kate Hughes' Dancing Book Bride published a dance with this name in 1768 but it had a different figure. Longman & Broderip republished it in 1781. Kate Hughes wrote down a dance very similar to the RSCDS version:
And in his The "Excelsior" Manual of Dancing, ~1872, J. F. Wallace writes:
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| Dundalk, Ireland | 10 |
| 1850-1899 | 10 |
| Kate Hughes | 10 |
| Kate Hughes | Kate Hughes' Dancing Book, Dundalk, Ireland, 1867 |
Scans of old dance manuals are scattered about the internet. The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library, International Music Score Library Project, Scott Pfitzinger's Playford site, Richard Powers' website, Library of Congress, and The Library of Dance all provide primary sources. A number of other sites provide indeces of these sources: The Regency Dance site, The Library of Dance again, and my own site have all proven useful for finding old sources. Finally there is Robert Keller's index which does not provide sources directly but lists thousands of dances, the publications containing them, dates and a brief coded description of the figures. This last has proven invaluable for tracking down dances for which I had no complete sources.
And, of course, both the Scottish Country Dance Database and the Scottish Country Dancing Dictionary provide online descriptions of all the RSCDS books and often hint at early sources.
This website is copyright © 2021-2025 by George W. Williams V My work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Most of the dances have more restrictive licensing, see my notes on copyright, the individual dance pages should mention when some rights are waived.